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Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements
in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect
the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements
and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting
periods. Actual results could differ from these estimates. The use
of these estimates significantly affects our natural gas and oil
properties through depletion and the full cost ceiling test, as
discussed in more detail below.
Significant estimates include volumes of
oil and natural gas reserves used in calculating depletion of proved
oil and natural gas properties, future net revenues and abandonment
obligations, impairment of undeveloped properties, future income
taxes and related assets/liabilities, the collectability of outstanding
accounts receivable, fair value of derivatives, stock-based compensation
expense, contingencies and the results of future and current litigation.
Oil and natural gas reserve estimates, which are the basis for unit-of-production
depletion and the ceiling test, have numerous inherent uncertainties.
The accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of the quality
of available data and of engineering and geological interpretation
and judgment. Subsequent drilling results, testing and production
may justify revision of such estimate. Accordingly, reserve estimates
are often different from the quantities of oil and natural gas that
are ultimately recovered. In addition, reserve estimates are vulnerable
to changes in wellhead prices of crude oil and natural gas. Such
prices have been volatile in the pastand can be expected to be volatile
in the future.
The significant estimates are based on
current assumptions that may be materially effected by changes to
future economic conditions such as the market prices received for
sales of volumes of oil and natural gas, interest rates, the market
value of our common stock and corresponding volatility and our ability
to generate future taxable income. Future changes to these assumptions
may affect these significant estimates materially in the near term.
Oil and Natural Gas Properties
We account for investments in natural gas
and oil properties using the full-cost method of accounting. All
costs directly associated with the acquisition, exploration and
development of natural gas and oil properties are capitalized. These
costs include lease acquisitions, seismic surveys, and drilling
and completion equipment. We proportionally consolidate our interests
in natural gas and oil properties. We capitalized compensation costs
and other costs for employees working directly on exploration activities
of $4.5 million, $3.5 million and $2.1 million in 2007, 2006 and
2005, respectively. We expense maintenance and repairs as they are
incurred.
We amortize natural gas and oil properties
based on the unit-of-production method using estimates of proved
reserve quantities. We do not amortize investments in unproved properties
until proved reserves associated with the projects can be determined
or until these investments are impaired. We periodically evaluate,
on a property-by-property basis, unevaluated properties for impairment.
If the results of an assessment indicate that the properties are
impaired, we add the amount of impairment to the proved natural
gas and oil property costs to be amortized. The amortizable base
includes estimated future development costs and, where significant,
dismantlement, restoration and abandonment costs, net of estimated
salvage values. The depletion rate per Mcfe for 2007, 2006 and 2005
was $2.36, $2.61 and $2.22, respectively.
We account for dispositions of natural
gas and oil properties as adjustments to capitalized costs with
no gain or loss recognized, unless such adjustments would significantly
alter the relationship between capitalized costs and proved reserves.
We have not had any transactions that significantly alter that relationship.
The net capitalized costs of proved oil
and natural gas properties are limited to a ceiling test
based on the estimated future net revenues, discounted at a 10%
per annum, from proved oil and natural gas reserves based on current
economic and operating conditions (the Full Cost Ceiling).
If net capitalized costs exceed this limit, the excess is charged
to earnings.
In connection with our year-end 2007 Full
Cost Ceiling test computation, a price sensitivity study also indicated
that a 10 percent increase or decrease in commodity prices at December
31, 2007 would have increased or decreased the Full Cost Ceiling
test cushion by approximately $80 million. The aforementioned price
sensitivity is as of December 31, 2007 and, accordingly, does not
include any potential changes in reserves due to subsequent performance
or events, such as commodity prices, reserve revisions and drilling
results.
The Full Cost Ceiling cushion at the end
of 2007 of approximately $238.1 million was based upon average realized
oil, natural gas liquids and natural gas prices of $92.04 per Bbl,
$56.67 per Bbl and $5.99 per Mcf, respectively, or a volume weighted
average price of $47.20 per BOE. This cushion, however, would have
been zero on such date at an estimated volume weighted average price
of $33.06 per BOE. A BOE means one barrel of oil equivalent, determined
using the ratio of six Mcf of natural gas to one Bbl of oil, condensate
or natural gas liquids, which approximates the relative energy content
of oil,
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