NORTHERN STATES FINANCIAL CORPORATION  
  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS  
 
  OVERVIEW (CONT’D)  
 

by $13 million in 2006. The Company also expects the provision for loan and lease losses to be less in 2006.
Noninterest income for the Company decreased in 2005 by $182,000 while noninterest expense increased by $1.4 million. Contributing to the increase to noninterest expense during 2005 was the $1.1 million write-down of
 
other real estate owned previously mentioned. Audit and professional fees increased $388,000 in 2005 compared to 2004 due to the Company’s compliance with the Sarbanes Oxley Act and the outsourcing of the Company’s internal audit function.
 
         
  CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES  
 

ertain critical accounting policies involve estimates and assumptions by management. To prepare financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, management makes estimates and assumptions based on available information. These estimates and assumptions affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the disclosures provided, and future results could differ. The allowance for loan and lease losses is a critical accounting policy for the Company because management must make estimates of losses and these estimates are subject to change. Estimates are also used to determine the fair value of financial instruments including the disclosures as to the carrying value of securities.
The allowance for loan and lease losses is a valuation allowance for probable incurred credit losses, that is increased by the provision for loan and lease losses and decreased by charge-offs less recoveries. Management estimates the balance for the allowance based on information about specific borrower situations, estimated collateral values and the borrowers’ ability to repay the loan. Management also reviews past loan and lease loss experience, the nature and volume of the portfolio, economic conditions and other factors. Allocations of the allowance may be made for specific loans and leases, but the entire allowance is available for any loan or lease that, in management’s judgement,
 

should be charged-off. Loan and lease losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of a loan or lease balance is confirmed.
A loan or lease is impaired when full payment under the loan or lease terms is not expected. Impairment is evaluated on an aggregate basis for smaller-balance loans of similar nature such as residential mortgage and consumer loans, and on an individual loan or lease basis for other loans and leases. If a specific loan or lease is determined to be impaired, a portion of the allowance is specifically allocated to that loan or lease. The specific allocation is calculated at the present value of estimated cash flows using the loan’s or lease’s existing rate or at the fair value of collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral.
Goodwill results from business acquisitions and represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of acquired tangible assets and liabilities and identifiable intangible assets. Goodwill is assessed at least annually for impairment and any such impairment will be recognized in the period identified.
The core deposit intangible asset arose from the acquisition of First State Bank of Round Lake in January 2004. The core deposit intangible asset was initially measured at fair value and is being amortized over its estimated useful life. This intangible asset is also assessed at least annually for impairment.
 
     
NSFC ANNUAL
18
  REPORT 2005