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Global Climate Change
In response to recent studies
suggesting that emissions of carbon dioxide and certain other gases
may be contributing to warming of the Earths atmosphere, the
current session of the U.S. Congress is considering climate change-related
legislation to restrict greenhouse gas emissions. One bill recently
approved by the U.S. Senate Environment and Public Works Committee,
known as the Lieberman-Warner Climate Security Act or S.2191, would
require a 70% reduction in emissions of greenhouse gases from sources
within the United States between 2012 and 2050. The Lieberman-Warner
bill proposes a cap and trade scheme of regulation of
greenhouse gas emissions that generally would ban emissions above
a defined reducing annual cap. Covered parties would be authorized
to emit greenhouse emissions through the acquisition and subsequent
surrender of emission allowances that may be traded or acquired
on the open market. A vote on this bill by the full Senate is expected
to occur before mid-year 2008. In addition, at least 17 states have
already taken legal measures to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases,
primarily through the planned development of greenhouse gas emission
inventories and/or regional greenhouse gas cap and trade programs.
Most of these cap and trade programs require either major sources
of emissions, such as electric power plants, or major producers
of fuels, such as refineries or gas processing plants, to acquire
and surrender emission allowances. The number of allowances available
for purchase is reduced each year until the overall greenhouse gas
emission reduction goal is achieved.
Depending on the particular
program, we could be required to purchase and surrender allowances,
either for greenhouse gas emissions resulting from our operations
or from combustion of oil or natural gas we produce. Although we
would not be impacted to a greater degree than other similarly situated
producers of oil and gas, a stringent greenhouse gas control programcould
have an adverse effect on our cost of doing business and could reduce
demand for the oil and gas we produce.
Also, as a result of the
U.S. Supreme Courts decision in April 2007 in Massachusetts
v. Environmental Protection Agency,the EPA may be required to regulate
carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions from mobile sources
such as cars and trucks, even if Congress does not adopt new legislation
specifically addressing emissions of greenhouse gases. The EPA has
indicated that it will issue a rulemaking notice to address carbon
dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions from vehicles andautomobile
fuels, although the date for issuance of this notice has not been
finalized. The Courts holding in Massachusetts that greenhouse
gases including carbon dioxide fall under the federal Clean Air
Acts definition of air pollutant may also result
in future regulation of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas
emissions from stationary sources under certain Clean Air Act programs.
New federal or state restrictions on emissions of carbon dioxide
that may be imposed in areas of the United States in which we conduct
business could also adversely affect our cost of doing business
and demand for the oil and gas we produce.
In addition to the effects
of future regulation, the meteorological effects of global climate
change could pose additional risks to our onshore and offshore operations
in the form of more frequent and/or more intense storms and flooding,
which could in turn adversely affect our cost of doing business.
Operating Hazards and Insurance
The natural gas and oil business
involves a variety of operating hazards and risks that could result
in substantial losses to usfrom, among other things, injury or loss
of life, severe damage to or destruction of property, natural resources
and equipment,pollution or other environmental damage, cleanup responsibilities,
regulatory investigation and penalties and suspension of operations.
In addition, we may be liable
for environmental damages caused by previous owners of property
we purchase and lease. As a result, we may incur substantial liabilities
to third parties or governmental entities, the payment of which
could reduce or eliminate the funds available for exploration, development
or acquisitions or result in the loss of our properties.
In accordance with customary
industry practices, we maintain insurance against some, but not
all, potential losses. We do not carry business interruption insurance
or protect against loss of revenues. We cannot assure you that any
insurance we obtain will be adequate to cover any losses or liabilities.
We cannot predict the continued availability of insurance or the
availability of insurance at premium levels that justify its purchase.
We may elect to self-insure if we believe that the cost of available
insurance is excessive relative to the risks presented. In addition,
pollution and environmental risks generally are not fully insurable.
The occurrence of an event not fully covered by insurance could
have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results
of operations.
We participate in a substantial
percentage of our wells on a nonoperated basis, and may be accordingly
limited in our ability to control the risks associated with natural
gas and oil operations.
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